Zaj dab neeg no yog ib yam khoom ntawm tus Mississippi River Basin Ag & Lub Rooj Dej, ib qho kev tshaj tawm xov xwm ywj pheej raws li hauv University of Missouri Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Kev Sau Xov Xwm hauv kev koom tes nrog Kev Qhia Txog Asmeskas thiab tau txais nyiaj los ntawm Walton Family Foundation. Wisconsin Saib yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub network. Sau npe rau peb tsab ntawv xov xwm kom tau txais peb cov xov xwm ncaj qha rau koj lub inbox.
Lub Chaw Tiv Thaiv Ib puag ncig (EPA) yog pab nyiaj rau plaub qhov kev tshawb fawb tshiab mus rau hauv qhov kev sib tw dej haus tseem ceeb: yuav ua li cas kom cov dej huv huv ntawm cov kab mob uas ua rau cov kab mob tsis raug tsim cov tshuaj lom.
Cov tshuaj hu ua disinfection byproducts thiab tau paub txog cov teeb meem rau ntau xyoo. Qee tus 295 lab tus tib neeg haus dej qhov twg ib hom khoom siv tau raug kuaj pom nyob rau theem siab dua Pawg Neeg Ua Haujlwm Ib puag ncig cov lus qhia txog kev noj qab haus huv, raws li pawg neeg txhawb nqa. cov ntaub ntawv dej haus.
Ib feem ntawm qhov teeb meem yog los ntawm kev sib npaug ntawm cov dej hauv cov dej. Ntau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntxiv cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntxiv ntawm lawv cov chaw kho mob kom cov dej nyob twj ywm huv si thaum nws mus los ntawm cov dej yees, cov kav dej, cov kab kev pabcuam thiab, thaum kawg, mus rau tib neeg lub tsev.
Ntxiv me ntsis ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob xws li chlorine, chloramine lossis ozone, thiab cov kab mob zoo li cov kab mob Legionella tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, cov kws tshawb fawb tau hais. Ntxiv ntau dhau ntawm cov no, thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj tua kab mob uas muaj peev xwm txaus ntshai tuaj yeem tsim.
Ob peb ntawm cov khoom lag luam twb tau txwv cov dej haus uas tau tswj hwm los ntawm EPA. Tab sis muaj ntau yam uas tsis tau tswj hwm, thiab tam sim no cov kws tshawb fawb tab tom sib tw kom paub tseeb tias lawv muaj teeb meem loj npaum li cas - thiab peb tuaj yeem txwv tsis pub lawv tawm ntawm tib neeg cov kais dej.
"Peb cia siab tias, peb tuaj yeem ua cov lus pom zoo rau cov khoom siv dej hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas (yuav tsum siv tshuaj tua kab mob), nyob ntawm tej zaum nyob ntawm thaj chaw lawv nyob, hom dej uas lawv siv," said Raymond Hozalski, tus kws tshaj lij ib puag ncig ntawm University. ntawm Minnesota.
Nws pab neeg tshawb fawb thiab peb lwm tus tau txais kev sib koom ua ke $ 8.5 lab lub caij ntuj sov no los ntawm EPA los kawm txog kev sib xyaw tshuaj tua kab mob yuav zoo li cas.
Nws tsis paub meej tias vim li cas cov tshuaj tsim los ntawm kev tua kab mob tau txais kev saib xyuas tshiab los ntawm EPA tam sim no. Lub chaw haujlwm tsis teb rau qhov kev thov tawm tswv yim.
Sydney Evans, tus kws tshuaj ntsuam xyuas kev tshawb fawb laus nrog rau pab pawg ua haujlwm tsis muaj txiaj ntsig Environmental Working Group tau hais tias "Nws zoo heev uas pom qhov kev txav mus tom ntej ntawm qhov teeb meem no. Tab sis, nws hais ntxiv, "Qhov no yog qhov teeb meem tau ntev lawm."
Cov teeb meem uas muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom siv tshuaj tua kab mob tau ploj mus nyob rau xyoo tas los no los ntawm kev txhawj xeeb txog cov tshuaj lom neeg tsim tshuaj hu ua PFAS, hais tias Patrick Shea, tus thawj coj ntawm St. Paul Regional Water Systems. EPA Thaum kawg tau thov txwv cov dej haus rau qee yam PFAS, lossis per- thiab polyfluoroalkyl tshuaj, xyoo no.
Thiab dhau sijhawm, kev siv tshuab zoo dua tau tso cai rau cov kws tshawb fawb los tshawb pom cov khoom siv tshuaj tua kab mob ntau dua li yav dhau los, hais tias Mary Jo Kirisits, tus kws tshaj lij ib puag ncig ntawm University of Texas ntawm Austin, uas yog thawj coj ib pab pawg tshawb fawb uas nthuav dav ntau lub tsev kawm.
"Peb yuav tsum tau saib ua ntej - dab tsi yog qee yam ntawm cov khoom tsis raug cai?" nws hais. "Puas yog qee qhov ntawm cov no muaj kev cuam tshuam kev noj qab haus huv uas peb yuav tsum txhawj xeeb txog?"
Chasing ib kab
Cov tshuab dej siv tshuaj tua kab mob los tswj cov kab mob uas ua rau tib neeg mob. Tab sis qee yam ntawm cov kab mob me me no yog qhov nyuaj rau kev tso tseg tag nrho - cov kws tshawb fawb txog teeb meem yuav tsum tau daws raws li lawv txheeb xyuas txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los ntxuav cov dej haus.
Plaub pawg yuav tsom mus rau cov kab mob "opportunistic", uas yog hu ua vim lawv nyiam kis rau cov neeg laus lossis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov kab mob txhua pab pawg tab tom saib kuj txawv, tab sis plaub pawg yuav saib xyuas qhov ua rau muaj tus kab mob hauv dej hauv Tebchaws Meskas niaj hnub no: Legionella.
Cov kab mob thiab cov mob uas nws ua rau, mob ntsws hu ua Legionnaires' kab mob, tau muaj npe rau xyoo 1976 American Legion lub rooj sib tham hauv Philadelphia uas muaj kev sib kis tau coj cov kws tshawb fawb los txheeb xyuas tus kab mob. Legionnaires xa tawm ntawm 93% thiab 96% ntawm cov neeg uas tau lees paub cov neeg mob mus rau hauv tsev kho mob, thiab 6% mus rau 7% ntawm cov neeg mob tuag, raws li CDC tsab ntawv ceeb toom tsis ntev los no.
Legionella yuav tsum tau nqus los ntawm cov tee dej kom ua rau muaj kab mob. Qhov ntawd txhais tau hais tias cov da dej thiab cov tub kub kub tuaj yeem yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm raug.
Nws tseem tau nce siab hauv Tebchaws Meskas rau 20 xyoo dhau los, raws li Lub Chaw Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob. Cov tub ceev xwm saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv tsis tau hloov pauv lawv txoj kev soj ntsuam rau Legionnaires 'lub sijhawm ntawd, Hozalski thiab lwm tus kws tshawb fawb tau pom zoo, qhia tias peb tsis tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev ntes cov xwm txheej - qee qhov lwm yam ua rau tib neeg mob ntau zaus.
Txawm hais tias muaj kev sib kis tsis tshua muaj, cov neeg saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv hauv Minnesota tau pom tias muaj kev nce ntxiv.
"Keeb kwm, tej zaum yuav muaj ib qho tshwm sim txhua ob peb xyoos. Thiab tom qab ntawd ob peb xyoos dhau los, nws tau kwv yees li ib xyoos ib zaug, "said Karla Peterson, tus thawj saib xyuas rau lub zej zog cov dej haus hauv Minnesota Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv.
Jade Mitchell, tus kws tshaj lij ib puag ncig ntawm Michigan State University thiab tus thawj coj ntawm kev tshawb fawb, tau hais tias cov neeg laus hauv Asmeskas cov neeg laus tuaj yeem txhais tau tias tsuas muaj ntau tus neeg uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm Legionella. Nws kuj tseem yuav muaj teeb meem hauv cov zej zog uas tau ploj cov neeg nyob hauv, tawm hauv qab cov kav dej loj nyob qhov twg dej zaum ntev dua, vim tias tsawg dua cov neeg siv nws.
Mitchell tau hais tias "Peb paub tias hnub nyoog dej cuam tshuam rau Legionella ntau," Mitchell tau hais tias, vim tias thaum dej zaum hauv cov yeeb nkab, cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntxiv uas cov khoom siv tau muab tso rau hauv yuav ploj mus, ua rau Legionella muaj sijhawm rau kev vam meej.
Tau txais qhov sib xyaw kom raug
Ib yam li qee qhov xwm txheej ua rau muaj kab mob tshwm sim ntau dua, lwm tus ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua kom cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsim cov tshuaj tsis zoo hauv cov dej.
Nqa ib khob dej tawm ntawm tus Dej Mississippi River, qhov chaw haus dej rau ntau lub zej zog, thiab koj yuav pom cov xim liab, hais tias Shea, tus thawj coj dej hauv St. Paul. Qhov ntawd yog lub cim ntawm cov organic teeb meem, los yog cov seem ntawm nplooj thiab lwm yam nroj tsuag uas xaus rau hauv tus dej.
Tab sis ntxiv cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau cov dej uas nplua nuj nyob hauv cov organic yog ib daim ntawv qhia los tsim cov khoom lag luam uas tsim kev puas tsuaj.
Minneapolis thiab St. Paul siv Mississippi ua qhov dej. Yog tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau Twin Cities ntxiv tsuas yog cov tshuaj chlorine rau cov dej ntawd, lawv yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo ua txhaum EPA txwv ntawm pawg me me ntawm cov khoom lag luam uas twb tau tswj hwm lawm, Hozalski tau hais.
Hloov chaw, lawv siv cov tshuaj hu ua chloramine - tab sis qhov ntawd tsis tau txhais hais tias tsis muaj cov khoom lag luam seem. Ntxiv chloramine rau cov dej hauv dej tuaj yeem tsim cov tshuaj NDMA (luv rau N-Nitrosodimethylamine), ib qho khoom tsis raug cai uas tau ua. txuas nrog cov teeb meem hauv siab thiab qee cov qog nqaij hlav tom qab kev tshawb fawb hauv cov tsiaj.
NDMA kuj pom muaj nyob hauv ntau qhov chaw, xws li hauv npias thiab qee cov nqaij kho.
Tab sis cov tshuab dej zoo li St. Paul tseem tab tom ua haujlwm los txiav cov tshuaj, txawm tias nws tseem tsis tau xav tau los ntawm EPA. Nws tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntau xyoo rau lub koomhaum los pib tswj cov khoom txaus ntshai, xws li PFAS.
Shea tau hais tias lub kaw lus tau sim tshuaj tua kab mob tshiab nrog Hozalski uas yuav siv cov ozone ntxiv rau lwm cov tshuaj - ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau nruab nrog kev hloov kho txuas ntxiv mus rau lub tshuab kho dej hauv Maplewood, Minnesota.
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob twb tau ntxiv cov ntxaij lim dej tshiab kom tshem tawm qee yam ntawm cov organic teeb meem uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv rau cov khoom txaus ntshai. Nws kuj tau tso tseg tsis siv cov tshuaj ntxiv nitrogen hauv cov txheej txheem kho mob uas muaj peev xwm tig mus rau NDMA, Shea tau hais.
Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm ozone yuav "muab cov cuab yeej ntxiv rau peb los tua cov khoom siv organic ua ntej peb ntxiv cov tshuaj chlorine," Shea hais.
Qhov no yog hom chemistry nyuaj thiab kho kom zoo uas plaub pawg tshawb fawb yuav xaus rau kev pom zoo rau lwm cov khoom siv. Tab sis cov kev kho yuav nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm thaj av thiab qhov chaw ntawm lawv cov dej.
Thaum kawg, Pawg Neeg Ua Haujlwm Ib puag ncig Evans tau hais tias nws cia siab tias kev tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv yuav txhawb nqa cov kev cai dej zoo dua thoob plaws lub rooj tsavxwm - kom cov dej nkag mus rau hauv cov chaw kho mob kom huv si pib nrog.
"Yog tias peb tuaj yeem tau txais cov cai tswj hwm (zoo dua) tiv thaiv cov dej hauv ... nws yuav tsis yog qhov xav tau. Cov dej zoo yuav zoo dua, "nws hais.
Rov luam tawm peb cov ntawv dawb, hauv online lossis luam tawm, raws li daim ntawv tso cai Creative Commons.
