Kev pom sab saud ntawm tus dej Mississippi yog pom los ntawm tus choj hauv La Crosse, Wis., thaum Lub Xya Hli 21, 2022. Cov kev lag luam tswj hwm tau tso tawm txog 94.5 lab phaus nitrates rau hauv Mississippi River phiab hauv xyoo 2020, kev tshuaj xyuas qhia. (Coburn Dukehart / Wisconsin Saib)
Sijhawm Nyeem Ntawv: 4 feeb

Zaj dab neeg no yog ib yam khoom ntawm tus Mississippi River Basin Ag & Lub Rooj Dej, ib qho kev tshaj tawm xov xwm ywj pheej raws li hauv University of Missouri Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Kev Sau Xov Xwm hauv kev koom tes nrog Kev Qhia Txog Asmeskas thiab tau txais nyiaj los ntawm Walton Family Foundation. Wisconsin Saib yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub network. Sau npe rau peb tsab ntawv xov xwm kom tau txais peb cov xov xwm ncaj qha rau koj lub inbox.

Editor's ntawv: Ib tsab xov xwm dhau los ntawm zaj dab neeg no suav nrog 2020 cov ntaub ntawv pov tseg cov tshuaj tsis raug los ntawm NextEra Energy's Point Beach Nuclear Plant tom qab lub tuam txhab ua yuam kev hauv kev tshaj tawm rau US Environmental Protection Agency. NextEra tau xa ib qho kev kho rau EPA, tshaj tawm tias nws tso tawm 326 phaus hydrazine hauv 2020 es tsis yog 15,007 phaus, ib tus kws tshaj lij hauv tuam txhab tau hais. Wisconsin Watch tau tshem tawm ib lub thawv ntaub ntawv uas yav dhau los tau tshaj tawm txog kev suav raws li daim duab tsis raug. 

Nitrate tebchaw yog cov tshuaj lom neeg tshaj plaws uas tso tawm rau hauv US txoj kev dej hauv xyoo 2020, suav nrog Mississippi River, raws li kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau ua los ntawm ib puag ncig txoj cai thiab pab pawg txhawb nqa.

Kev lag luam - feem ntau cov roj av refineries thiab nqaij thiab nqaij qaib ua cov chaw - tso tawm ntau dua 175 lab phaus ntawm nitrates xyoo ntawd, suav nrog 91% ntawm tag nrho cov tshuaj lom neeg tso tawm los ntawm qhov hnyav hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas, raws li tsab ntawv ceeb toom kev soj ntsuam ntawm tsoomfwv cov ntaub ntawv.

Cov kev tshawb pom no ua rau muaj qhov cuam tshuam tshwj xeeb rau Mississippi River phiab, uas tso dej hauv 31 lub xeev thiab xa cov nitrates thiab lwm yam tshuaj mus rau Gulf of Mexico. Nitrates txhawb nqa algae blooms, uas ua rau lub gulf's hypoxic "qhov chaw tuag," qhov twg cov dej tsis zoo oxygen ua rau cov tsiaj qus hauv hiav txwv.

John Rumpler, tus thawj coj loj ntawm Environment America Research thiab Policy Center qhov kev pab cuam dej huv tau hais tias "Peb muaj cov pa phem loj heev rau hauv peb txoj kev dej thoob plaws lub tebchaws," daim ntawv tshaj tawm nrog rau cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm Frontier Group thiab US Public Interest Research Group Education Fund.

Tshaj tawm thaum lub Cuaj Hlis lig, tsab ntawv tshaj tawm tau txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg hauv US Environmental Protection Agency's Toxics Release Inventory. Lub koom haum xav kom qee qhov kev lag luam los tshaj tawm cov tshuaj lom neeg tawm. Qhov ntawd tsis suav nrog cov dej ntws los ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb thiab kev ua haujlwm pub tsiaj, uas feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog cov pa phem nitrate, txhais tau hais tias daim ntawv tshaj tawm suav nrog tsuas yog ib feem ntawm kev tso tawm tshuaj lom.

nitrate yog dab tsi?

Nitrate yog ib qho khoom noj uas muaj nyob hauv cov zaub mov thiab tib neeg thiab tsiaj pov tseg. Tab sis kev kis tus kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau menyuam yaus thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub, thiab nitrate yog ib qho ntawm cov kab mob hauv av ntau tshaj plaws hauv qee lub xeev. Qee cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tias nws kis tau tsawg kawg 10% ntawm lub qhov dej hauv Wisconsin, piv txwv li. Cov neeg uas haus dej ntau hauv nitrate ntsej muag nce kev pheej hmoo ntawm txoj hnyuv, raum thiab mob qog noj ntshav thiab kab mob thyroid. Nws kuj yog txuam nrog kev yug me nyuam.

Daim ntawv ceeb toom ib puag ncig Asmeskas tsom teeb pom kev loj heev ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg nkag mus rau hauv lub tebchaws txoj kev dej, txawm tias nyob rau xyoo 1972. Huv si Cai. Txoj cai lij choj thaj av tau nrhiav kev ua kom dej hiav txwv feem ntau muaj ntses thiab ua luam dej los ntawm 1983, thaum tshem tawm cov tshuaj lom mus rau hauv dej navigable los ntawm 1985. 

Txoj Cai Dej Huv Huv xav kom cov xeev, thaj chaw thiab tsoomfwv cov pab pawg tsim cov qauv los tiv thaiv cov dej hauv lawv cov ciam teb raws li kev siv, xws li rov tsim dua, tiv thaiv tsiaj qus lossis muab dej haus rau pej xeem. Txoj kev dej uas tsis ua raws li cov qauv no tau dhau los ua txoj kev npaj kho dua tshiab, uas txwv tsis pub muaj kuab paug tawm txhua hnub.

Cov neeg lim dej yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev txwv no kom txog thaum lub cev dej tuaj yeem txhawb nqa nws txoj kev siv.

Txoj cai muaj nce tus naj npawb ntawm fishable dej thoob plaws US, tab sis txog ib nrab ntawm cov dej hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas tseem muaj kev puas tsuaj. Cov tshuaj lom neeg txuas ntxiv nkag mus rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas cov dej hauv cov ntim loj, cuam tshuam kev siv zog rov qab los, daim ntawv tshaj tawm tshiab qhia.

Daim ntawv qhia no qhia txog cov tshuaj lom neeg tso tawm rau cov dej ntws thoob teb chaws hauv xyoo 2020. (Courtesy of Environment America)
Daim ntawv qhia no qhia txog cov tshuaj lom neeg tso tawm rau cov dej ntws thoob teb chaws hauv xyoo 2020. (Courtesy of Environment America)

Kev tswj hwm kev lag luam tso tawm txog 94.5 lab phaus ntawm nitrates mus rau hauv Mississippi River phiab hauv xyoo 2020, suav txog ze li ib nrab ntawm tag nrho cov kev tshaj tawm tshuaj lom neeg thoob tebchaws. Ntau tshaj 30 lab phaus ntawm tag nrho cov no tau tshwm sim hauv kev tua tsiaj thiab kev lag luam nqaij.

Nitrates thiab cov nitrites zoo sib xws yog siv rau hauv kev kho nqaij, txheej txheem tseem ceeb uas ua rau kom lub neej txee ntawm cov khoom noj nqaij thiab txo qis kev sib kis ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov zaub mov.

"Tej yam zoo li hams thiab nqaij npuas kib, cov no yeej siv cov tshuaj nitrite," hais tias University of Wisconsin-Madison tus kws tshawb fawb tsiaj txhu Jeffrey Sindelar. "Thiab lawv yuav raug txhaj lossis marinated ... Cov khoom siv ntau dhau thiab cov khoom siv tsis siv yog feem ntau ntws mus rau hauv qhov ntws, thiab nws tau diluted nrog tag nrho lwm cov dej thiab muaj US Department of Agriculture cov cai los xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom xyaw tsis tsim kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv cov dej khib nyiab. "

Tshaj tawm qhov khoob

Qee qhov tso tawm ntawm nitrates thiab lwm yam tshuaj mus tsis tau tshaj tawm vim muaj qee qhov kev zam kev lag luam los ntawm EPA cov lus ceeb toom yuav tsum, lub Cuaj Hlis txoj kev tshawb fawb sau tseg. Ib yam li ntawd, tsis yog txhua yam tshuaj lom yuav tsum raug tshaj tawm, thiab EPA zam kev tshaj tawm rau cov chaw uas muaj tsawg dua 10 tus neeg ua haujlwm.

Ntxiv nrog rau kev kaw cov lus ceeb toom, EPA tuaj yeem hloov kho cov qauv tso cai los cuam tshuam txog kev tswj cov pa phem tam sim no, Rumpler tau hais tias, kom muaj txiaj ntsig rau pej xeem thiab kev noj qab haus huv ib puag ncig.

Nws tau hais tias "Lub xeev thiab cheeb tsam thiab tsoomfwv cov thawj coj muaj cov cuab yeej," nws hais. "Tam sim no nws tsuas yog siv txoj cai tswjfwm los siv cov cuab yeej no raws li Txoj Cai Dej Huv Huv tau npaj tseg."

Hauv tsab ntawv xa email, tus kws tshaj lij EPA tau hais tias lub chaw haujlwm tab tom txiav txim siab hloov kho cov qauv kev ua qias tuaj uas yuav siv rau cov nqaij thiab nqaij qaib ua cov nroj tsuag, cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob thiab cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm PFAS chemicals.

EPA tab tom nrhiav txoj cai los tshem tawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm zam rau cov ntsiab lus qis ntawm perfluoroalkyl thiab polyfluoroalkyl tshuaj, lossis PFAS, uas tau ua. txuas rau ntau yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv. Thawj Tswj Hwm Donald Trump cov thawj coj tau tso cai PFAS tso tawm kom tsim nyog rau "de minimis kev zam,” uas zam txim rau cov pa phem los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj tsawg dua 1% ntawm qhov sib xyaw - lossis .1% rau cov carcinogens. EPA tab tom txav mus los tshem tawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg qhov tsim nyog, tus kws tshaj lij tau hais. 

Bennet Goldstein suav nrog dej zoo thiab lwm yam teeb meem ib puag ncig rau Wisconsin Watch thiab Mississippi River Basin Ag & Water Desk, koom nrog ntawm 10 lub koom haum xov xwm. Nws yog ib tus tswvcuab ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Haujlwm rau Asmeskas, qhov kev pabcuam hauv tebchaws uas tso cov neeg sau xov xwm rau hauv chav xov xwm hauv zos. Wisconsin Watch (www.WisconsinWatch.org) koom tes nrog WPR, PBS Wisconsin, lwm yam xov xwm tshaj tawm thiab University of Wisconsin-Madison Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Kev Sau Xov Xwm thiab Kev Sib Txuas Lus. Txhua yam haujlwm tsim, luam tawm, tshaj tawm lossis tshaj tawm los ntawm Wisconsin Watch tsis tas yuav cuam tshuam txog kev xav lossis kev xav ntawm UW-Madison lossis ib qho ntawm nws cov koom tes yuav tsum muaj kev cuam tshuam txog kev xav lossis kev xav ntawm UW-Madison lossis ib qho ntawm nws cov koom tes.

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Rov luam tawm peb cov ntawv dawb, hauv online lossis luam tawm, raws li daim ntawv tso cai Creative Commons.

Nrov dab neeg los ntawm Wisconsin Watch

Bennet Goldstein tshaj tawm txog dej thiab kev ua liaj ua teb raws li Wisconsin Watch's Report for America tus neeg sawv cev ntawm Mississippi River Basin Ag & Water Desk - kev sib koom tes tshaj tawm thoob plaws hauv Pas Dej. Ua ntej qhov no, Goldstein tau nyob hauv pab pawg xov xwm tshiab ntawm Omaha World-Herald hauv Nebraska. Nws tau siv feem ntau ntawm nws txoj haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub hauv Iowa, suav nrog Dubuque Telegraph Herald. Goldstein txoj haujlwm tau txais khoom plig, suav nrog Associated Press Media Editors khoom plig rau qhov kev piav qhia txog tub ceev xwm tua nyob rau hauv Wisconsin nyob deb nroog, thiab Iowa Newspaper Association khoom plig rau cov yeeb yaj kiab uas piav qhia txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev poob ntawm kev nyab xeeb hauv zej zog ntawm Dubuque's Marshallese zej zog . Nws kawm tiav qib Master los ntawm University of Wisconsin-Madison.