Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 5, University of Wisconsin-Madison junior Eric Cardinal tau ua haujlwm lig ntawm lub chaw nres tsheb Plhaub nyob ze lub tsev kawm ntawv thaum nws nyeem cov ntawv ceeb toom los ntawm tsev kawm ntawv ceeb toom ntawm tus neeg raug liam tias tua ntawm qhov xoob: "Tsev ceev xwm nrhiav Txiv neej / Dub hnav liab & lub tsho dub flannel taub hau sab hnub poob tawm ntawm Tsev Kawm Qib Siab. "
Ces Cardinal pom ib tug txiv neej nyob rau hauv nws lub khw duck, raws li ib tug tub ceev xwm tsheb dov los ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb.
"Lub sijhawm ntawd kuv xav tias nws yog ib tus neeg xav tias lawv tab tom nrhiav," Cardinal tau hais.
Thaum lub tsev kawm ntawv raug tua nyob rau tsib xyoos dhau los, tub ceev xwm thoob plaws lub tebchaws tau siv cov ntawv ceeb toom kom xa cov lus ceeb toom thiab lus qhia rau cov tub ntxhais kawm thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev. Cov lus qhia luv luv yog xa mus rau txhua tus tub ntxhais kawm, kws qhia ntawv thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm - tshwj tsis yog, ntawm ntau lub tsev kawm ntawv, rau cov uas tsis tau sau npe.
Tsuas yog peb ntawm University of Wisconsin System lub tsev kawm ntawv plaub xyoos 13 - Platteville, Stevens Point thiab Parkside - muaj ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm, kws qhia ntawv thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm tau kos npe kom tau txais cov ntawv ceeb toom, raws li kev tshuaj xyuas los ntawm Wisconsin Center for Investigative Journalism.
Tag nrho cov kev koom tes rau tag nrho 13 lub tsev kawm ntawv yog kwv yees li 32 feem pua, Lub Chaw pom, raws li cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm txhua lub tsev kawm ntawv. Qee lub tsev kawm ntawv tau muab suav nrog, thaum lwm tus tsuas muaj kev kwv yees xwb.
UW-Pletteville ua tiav yuav luag tag nrho kev koom tes los ntawm kev tso npe tsis siv neeg. Cov tub ntxhais kawm hnoos lawv tus xov tooj ntawm tes thaum lawv thov thiab sau npe rau cov chav kawm. Tom qab ntawd lawv tau ceeb toom tias lawv tuaj yeem "xaiv tawm." UW-Stevens Point tsis ntev los no tau siv tib txoj kev, thiab tam sim no khav txog kev koom tes ntawm 88 feem pua.
Lwm lub tsev kawm ntawv UW System vam khom cov tub ntxhais kawm, kws qhia ntawv thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm kom "xaiv" los ntawm nws tus kheej nkag mus rau lawv tus lej hauv cov ntawv ceeb toom.
Hauv lub xeev cov tsev kawm ntawv uas siv txoj hauv kev xaiv, qhov kev koom tes siab tshaj plaws, 65 feem pua, yog nyob ntawm Parkside tsev kawm ntawv. Hauv qhov sib piv, Whitewater lub tsev kawm ntawv tsis muaj cov ntawv ceeb toom.
Ntawm qhov tseem ceeb UW-Madison, tsuas yog 25 feem pua ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm, kws qhia ntawv thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm tau kos npe rau cov ntawv ceeb toom.
Cardinal yog ib tug ntawm lawv. Hauv lub Peb Hlis 5 qhov xwm txheej hauv Madison, tub ceev xwm tau sau ob tus neeg raug liam thiab tab tom nrhiav ib feem peb thaum Cardinal pom tus txiv neej os.
Cardinal tau hais tias "Kuv tau xa kuv tus phooj ywg uas ua haujlwm ntawm no," Tus phooj ywg qhia nws kom thawb lub khw lub tswb nrov. Nws ua.
feeb tom qab, tub ceev xwm tuaj txog thiab ntes tus neeg raug liam.
Thaum qhov teeb meem tseem tab tom tshawb nrhiav, UW-Madison Police Sgt. Aaron Chapin qhuas Cardinal cov lus teb. Nws tau hais tias "Yog tias nws tsis tau qhib lub tswb thiab paub txog nws ib puag ncig, peb yuav tsis pom tus neeg ntawd," nws hais.
Lub zog ntawm cov ntawv
Cov tub ceev xwm hauv tsev kawm ntawv tau taw qhia tias cov ntawv xov xwm tsuas yog ib qho cuab yeej hauv lawv lub thawv thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, uas tseem suav nrog emails, computer pop-ups, social media, hu xov tooj thiab cov chaw nyob pej xeem.
"Thaum npaj rau kev kub ntxhov, peb tsis tso tag nrho peb cov qe rau hauv ib pob," said UW System tus kws tshaj lij David Giroux.
Tab sis qee zaus - rau cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm kev txav mus los, lossis ntawm txoj haujlwm zoo li Cardinal - cov ntawv nyeem yuav yog tib cov lus los txuas nrog lub hom phiaj.
Txawm nyob hauv chav kawm, cov tub ntxhais kawm feem ntau saib lawv lub xov tooj. Cov tub ntxhais kawm tshawb fawb hauv University of New Hampshire hais tias lawv tau tshuaj xyuas lawv lub xov tooj ntawm tes qhov nruab nrab ntawm ib mus rau tsib zaug hauv ib chav kawm.
Michael Hanley, tus thawj coj ntawm Ball State University Institute for Mobile Media Research tau hais tias "Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj los teb (rau qhov xwm txheej ceev) yog kom muaj cov lus tshaj tawm sai tshaj plaws hauv tsev kawm ntawv qib siab, thiab tam sim no yog kev xa ntawv," said Michael Hanley, tus thawj coj ntawm Ball State University Institute for Mobile Media Research.
Raws li Hanley txoj kev tshawb fawb, 81 feem pua ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm Ball State University siv cov ntawv xov xwm raws li lawv txoj kev sib txuas lus tseem ceeb, piv rau 9 feem pua uas feem ntau vam khom email.
Hauv 2012 daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas los ntawm Division of Information Technology, 35 feem pua ntawm UW-Madison cov tub ntxhais kawm tau hais tias lawv siv lub xov tooj ntawm tes uas tsis muaj Internet, uas txhais tau tias lawv yuav tau txais ntawv ceeb toom tab sis tsis email. UW-Madison cov ntawv ceeb toom tuaj yeem ncav cuag cov xov tooj sai, tsis pub dhau ob lossis peb feeb ntawm kev xa mus, tub ceev xwm hauv tsev kawm ntawv Tub Ceev Xwm Michael Newton tau hais.
Sparked los ntawm kev tua
Hauv xyoo 2007 thiab 2008, cov tub ntxhais kawm teeb meem tau tua lawv tus kheej tom qab tua 37 tus neeg thiab raug mob ntau ntau ntawm Virginia Tech thiab Northern Illinois universities.
Tsuas yog 10 feem pua ntawm NIU cov tub ntxhais kawm tau kos npe rau cov ntawv ceeb toom hauv xyoo 2008, thaum tus neeg tua phom tua 21 tus neeg hauv chav hais lus, tua tsib tus neeg. Hauv kev teb rau cov tub ntxhais kawm kev txhawj xeeb, tam sim no lub tsev kawm ntawv tab tom hloov mus rau qhov kev xaiv tawm. Txawm hais tias nws tsis tau ua tiav, 66 feem pua ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm tau txais cov lus ceeb toom.
Anne Glavin, tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm International Association of Campus Law Enforcement Administrators hais tias "Feem ntau, txhua lub kaw lus uas tso cai rau txhua tus neeg nyob hauv tsev kawm ntawv hauv ib lub chaw khaws ntaub ntawv zoo dua, thiab tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum xaiv tawm,"
Cov tub ceev xwm nyob rau lwm qhov tau ua zoo sib xws.
Xyoo 2011, cuaj lub hlis tom qab ib tug tub kawm ntawv raug rho tawm haujlwm AK-47 hauv lub tsev qiv ntawv ntawm University of Texas ntawm Austin, lub xeev tau dhau los kev cai lij choj xav kom txhua lub tsev kawm ntawv pej xeem thiab ntiag tug kom muaj cov ntawv ceeb toom yuav tsum tau ua, nrog kev xaiv tawm.
Erickson, los ntawm UW-Platteville hais tias "Koj tsuas yog saib ib ncig ntawm lub tebchaws thiab pom tias muaj dab tsi tshwm sim, thiab txhua yam koj tuaj yeem ua tau kom npaj me ntsis yog qhov tseem ceeb," "Kev tua yog qhov loj uas ua rau ntau tus neeg nres thiab xav tias wow, uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm no."
Opt in, xaiv tawm
Ntawm UW-Parkside, lub kaw lus ceeb toom tau txhawb zog nrog email thiab nthuav qhia hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Lub tsev kawm ntawv qhov kev yeem tso npe nkag ntawm 65 feem pua yog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub xeev cov tsev kawm ntawv uas siv cov kab ntawv ceeb toom xaiv.
Los ntawm qhov ntawd, cov nqi coj mus dhia dej. Los tom ntej no yog UW-La Crosse, ntawm 43 feem pua, tom qab ntawd UW-Green Bay, ntawm 33. Peb lub tsev kawm ntawv muaj kev koom tes hauv 20s thiab peb yog cov hluas.
Matt Kiederlen, tus thawj coj tub ceev xwm rau UW-Whitewater, uas tsis muaj cov ntawv ceeb toom, tau txiav txim siab ua ib qho, thiab xav kom nws yuav tsum tau ua yog tias nws ua.
Kiederlen tau hais tias "Lwm yam, nws dhau los ua qhov tsis tseem ceeb," "Yog tias koj ua daim ntawv tso npe yeem, koj puas ncav cuag cov neeg uas koj xav tau thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev tiag tiag?"
Ntawm UW-Green Bay, tus neeg saib xyuas kev tswj hwm xwm txheej ceev Joe Rozum xav kom nce kev koom tes. Nws tau hais tias "Thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, qhov ntawd yuav ua rau peb nkag tau ntau dua rau txhua tus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias nws yog qhov xwm txheej tsis tu ncua," nws hais.
Qhov yooj yim tshaj kom txhua tus tub ntxhais kawm tau txais cov ntawv ceeb toom yuav tsum ua kom muaj kev koom tes. Txawm hais tias cov thawj coj ntawm txhua lub tsev kawm ntawv tau hais tias lawv tau sib tham txog kev txav mus rau qhov yuav tsum tau ua, txog tam sim no feem ntau tsis tau ua tiav.
Rozum tau hais tias "Qhov ntawd yuav tsum tau los ntawm lub chaw siab dua, ib tus neeg zoo li tus thawj tswj hwm," Rozum hais.
Cov tub ceev xwm feem ntau txhawj xeeb txog kev cuam tshuam cov tub ntxhais kawm ntiag tug los ntawm kev nug tus xov tooj. Ntau tus kuj tau sau tseg tias cov tub ntxhais kawm tuaj yeem tau them rau cov lus uas lawv tau txais, nyob ntawm lawv cov phiaj xwm hauv xov tooj, txawm tias lawv xav tau lossis tsis xav tau.
Lwm tus pom cov kev txhawj xeeb no tsawg dua.
"Kuv xav tias peb lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog kom ncav cuag cov tub ntxhais kawm ntau li ntau tau thiab yog tias lawv tsis yooj yim los ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm ntxiv, yog tias nws yog 10 xees uas tuaj yeem cawm tau txoj sia nyob ib puag ncig, qhov ntawd yog kev lag luam uas peb coj mus," UW-Pletteville tus kws tshaj lij Paul Erickson hais.
UW-Stevens Point tus kws tshuaj ntsuam xyuas kev lag luam David Dumke, uas yog tus coj kev siv lub tsev kawm ntawv txoj kev xaiv tawm tshiab, hais tias nws xav txog lub tsev kawm ntawv zoo li lub tswb nkhaus. Ob peb tus tub ntxhais kawm xav kom muaj kev ceeb toom txaus los sau npe, nws xav txog, thiab qee tus yuav xaiv tawm. Tus so yuav mus nrog ntws.
"Lawv yuav tsis sau npe, tab sis lawv yuav tsis yws yog tias lawv tau txais," Dumke hais.
UW-Madison tub ceev xwm, tau cog lus los pab lwm lub tsev kawm ntawv nrog kev npaj xwm txheej ceev, pom zoo kom txhua tus txiav txim siab nws tus kheej yuav ua li cas rau npe rau cov neeg hauv cov ntawv ceeb toom.
Newton tau hais tias "Koj yuav tsum tham nrog koj lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab saib seb lub tsev kawm ntawv puas kam txhawb nqa thaum nws los txog rau daim ntawv," Newton hais.
UW-Madison kawg tau tshuaj xyuas nws cov ntawv ceeb toom hauv xyoo 2011, Newton tau hais. Lub sijhawm ntawd, cov tub ntxhais kawm, kws qhia ntawv thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm tau hais tias lawv nyiam qhov kev yeem ua haujlwm. Nws xav tias tej zaum yuav yog lub sijhawm los ua qhov kev tshawb fawb tshiab.
Ilya Yakovlev, uas tau koom nrog UW-Parkside thaum Lub Rau Hli ua tus thawj saib xyuas ntaub ntawv, tau hais tias nws npaj yuav tawm tswv yim hloov mus rau qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Hauv nws qhov kev tshaj tawm yav dhau los ntawm St. Cloud State University, nws hais tias nws tau pab lub tsev kawm ntawv hloov mus rau qhov kev xaiv tawm thiab tau txais cov lus pom zoo los ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm.
"Peb paub tias tej zaum yuav muaj nqi rau tus neeg tau txais kev pab, thiab kuv tau pom tias peb tau txiav txim siab thaum peb siv lub kaw lus," Yakovlev hais txog UW-Parkside cov lus ceeb toom. "Rau kuv nws tsim nyog paub tias tsis tuaj kawm ntawv vim nws tsis nyab xeeb."
Ntawm UW-Madison, Newton tau hais tias txhua qhov kev siv zog ua kom muaj kev ceeb toom tsawg kawg - txog rau rau ib xyoos, nws kwv yees.
Cardinal muab cov kev siv zog no los tshuaj xyuas sib xyaw.
"Qee lub sij hawm (cov ntawv ceeb toom) ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab," nws hais. "Feem ntau lawv tsis nyob ze rau qhov kuv nyob."
Tab sis thaum muaj xwm txheej tshwm sim nyob ze nws, Cardinal zoo siab nws tau txais cov lus.
Cov nonprofit Wisconsin Center rau Kev Tshawb Xyuas Xov Xwm (www.WisconsinWatch.org) koom tes nrog Wisconsin Cov Xov Xwm Zej Tsoom, Wisconsin Cov Xov Xwm Rau Pej Xeem, lwm cov xov xwm tshaj tawm thiab UW-Madison Tsev Kawm Ntawv Xov Xwm thiab Kev Sib Txuas Lus. Txhua yam haujlwm tsim, tshaj tawm, tshaj tawm lossis tshaj tawm los ntawm Lub Chaw tsis tas yuav cuam tshuam cov kev xav lossis kev xav ntawm UW-Madison lossis ib qho ntawm cov koom tes.
Rov luam tawm peb cov ntawv dawb, hauv online lossis luam tawm, raws li daim ntawv tso cai Creative Commons.
Yog lawm, yog tias UW-Madison cov tub ntxhais kawm tau xaiv, tsis muaj kev lees paub tias lawv yuav tau txais lawv. Muaj ntau qhov chaw nyob hauv tsev kawm ntawv cov tsev kawm ntawv uas cov kev pabcuam cellular yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws - qhov chaw ntawm Union South thiab HSLC lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav rau lub siab - thiab lwm qhov uas koj tau txais ntau qhov bar tab sis cov ntawv nyeem tsuas yog tsis tuaj, zoo li MERIT Library hauv Xib Fwb Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Mills St.